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If you have flexibility on when your application will run, you can bid on unused Amazon EC2 compute capacity, called Spot Instances, and lower your costs significantly. Set by Amazon EC2, the Spot Price for these instances fluctuates periodically depending on the supply of and demand for Spot Instance capacity.
To use Spot Instances, you place a Spot Instance request (your bid) specifying the maximum price you are willing to pay per hour per instance. If the maximum price of your bid is greater than the current Spot Price, your request is fulfilled and your instances run until you terminate them or the Spot Price increases above your maximum price (whichever comes first).
You will often pay less per hour than your maximum bid price. The Spot Price is adjusted periodically as requests come in and the available supply of instances changes. Everyone pays that same Spot Price for that period regardless of whether their maximum bid price was higher, and you will never pay more than your hourly maximum bid price.
The following video shows how to launch your first Spot Instance using the AWS Management Console. This video includes instructions on placing a bid, determining when the instance is fulfilled, and canceling the instance.
If you want to get started working with Spot Instances, here are the resources you need to get going.
Here's a quick look at what's new in Spot Instances:
Launch Spot Instances in Amazon Virtual Private Cloud
For a quick look at how to launch Spot Instances in Amazon VPC, see the video ???.