Amazon images are associated in the following ways:
SizeOne item is presented in three or four different sizes. Amazon Associates Web Service makes every image available in three or four different sizes.
ViewOne item is presented in multiple views and each of the views is presented in three or four different sizes. The following images show the same item in two different views. Both images are medium sized.

VariationOne item has one or more variations. The images returned show the same item in its multiple variations and each variation is presented in three or four different sizes. The following images show two variations of the same item.

Amazon groups items as variations of one another when the items are identical except for one or two properties. In the preceding figure, the same shirt is shown in two different colors. Each variation shown is called a child item. The parent item is what associates all of the child items and their images, as shown in the following figure.

In this example, the parent item comes in three different colors. Each color is a separate variation, and each variation has its own item identifier, such as a ASIN. Typically, the parent item does not have an image associated with it because it is an abstraction of all of its child items. If a parent ASIN is included in a request, Amaazon Associates Web Service typically tries to return the image of a child ASIN.
In the XML responses, the image URLs are grouped according to these associations within the ImageSet element.